Angebliche Beschneidungsgründe: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

In the long history of genital mutilation aka [[foreskin]] [[amputation]] aka [[circumcision]], there have been many alleged reasons why this should be a ''medical procedure''. Please note that some of the alleged medical reasons are rather pseudo-hygienical reasons which should never be solved by cutting off intact body parts.

* Clubfoot - 1875: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre1875">{{REFjournal

* Dirt under the [[foreskin]] in newborns - 1941: [[Alan F. Guttmacher]]<ref name="Guttmacher1941">{{REFjournal

* Epilepsy - 1902: [[Roswell Park]]<ref name="Park1902">{{Park1902}}</ref>

* [[Masturbation]] (females) - 1918 [[Belle C. Eskridge]]<ref name="Eskridge1918">{{Eskridge1918}}</ref>

* [[Masturbation]] (males) - 1891: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1891">{{REFjournal

* [[Masturbation]] (newborns) - 1953: [[Richard L. Miller]] and [[Donald C. Snyder]]<ref name="MillerSnyder1953">{{MillerSnyder1953}}</ref>

* Neuroses (females) - 1915: [[Benjamin E. Dawson]]<ref name="Dawson1915">{{Dawson1915}}</ref>

* Paralysis of the bladder - 1875: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre1875"/>

In 1958, [[Christine F. McDonald]] said "the same reasons that apply for the circumcision of males are generally valid when considered for the female."<ref name="McDonald1958">{{McDonald1958}}</ref>

In 1966, Masters and Johnson erroneous claim that there is no difference in sensitivity between penises with and without foreskin.

: ({{NOTE}} Their work helps propagate the medical dogma that circumcision has no effect on sexuality go practically unquestioned for nearly the next four decades.)<ref name="MastersJohnson1966">{{REFbook

* Adiposity by relieving psychosomatic factors - 1959: [[W. G. Rathmann]]<ref name="Rathmann1959">{{Rathmann1959}}</ref>

* [[Clitoris]] easier findable by husband - 1959: [[W. G. Rathmann]]<ref name="Rathmann1959"/>

* [[HIV]] (in women after FGM) - 2005: [[R. Y. Stallings]]<ref name="Stallings2005">{{Stallings2005}}</ref>

* Abdominal neuralgia - 1879: [[H. H. Kane]]<ref name="Kane1879">{{Kane1879}}</ref>

* Bed wetting - 1873: [[Joseph Bell]]<ref name="Bell1873">{{Bell1873}}</ref>, 1930: [[Norton Henry Bare]]<ref name="Bare1930">{{Bare1930}}</ref>

* Blindness - 1890: [[William D. Gentry]]<ref name="Gentry1890">{{REFjournal

* Deafness - 1890: [[William D. Gentry]]<ref name="Gentry1890"/>

* Dumbness - 1890: [[William D. Gentry]]<ref name="Gentry1890"/>

* Epilepsy - 1865: [[Nathaniel Heckford]]<ref name="Heckford1865">{{Heckford1865}}</ref>, 1870: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre 1870 epilepsy">{{REFjournal

* Eye problems believed to be caused by [[masturbation]] - 1881: [[Maximillian Landesberg]]<ref name="Landesberg1881">{{Landesberg1881}}</ref>

* Immunity to nearly all physical and mental illness - 1953: [[Richard L. Miller]] and [[Donald C. Snyder]]<ref name="MillerSnyder1953"/>

* [[Masturbation]] (newborns) - 1953: [[Richard L. Miller]] and [[Donald C. Snyder]]<ref name="MillerSnyder1953"/>

* Neuroses (females) - 1915: [[Benjamin E. Dawson]]<ref name="Dawson1915"/>

* Nocturnal seminal emissions (i.e. wet dreams) - 1836: [[Claude François Lallemand]]<ref name="Lallemand">{{Lallemand1836}}</ref>, 1879: [[H.H. Kane]]<ref name="Kane1879"/>

* Rectal incontinence - 1894: [[H. L. Rosenberry]]<ref name="Rosenberry1894">{{Rosenberry1894}}</ref>

* Sensitiveness of the organ - 1901: [[Ernest G. Mark]]<ref name="Mark1901"/>

* Urinary incontinence - 1894: [[H. L. Rosenberry]]<ref name="Rosenberry1894"/>

* Cancer of the bladder - 1971: [[Abraham Ravich]]<ref name="Ravich1971">{{Ravich1971}}</ref>

* Cancer of the rectum - 1971: [[Abraham Ravich]]<ref name="Ravich1971"/>

* Cancer of the tongue - 1949: [[Eugene H. Hand]]<ref name="Hand1949">{{REFjournal

* [[Cervical cancer]] (women) - 1951: [[Abraham Ravich]]<ref name="Ravich1951">{{Ravich1951}}</ref>, 1954: [[Ernest L. Wynder]]<ref name="Wynder1954">{{Wynder1954}}</ref>

* [[HIV]] (in women after FGM) - 2005: [[R. Y. Stallings]]<ref name="Stallings2005"/>

* [[HIV]] 'vaccine' - 2007: [[Robert C. Bailey]]<ref name="Bailey2007">{{RCT Bailey et al 2007}}</ref>

* Inchastity - 1935: [[R. W. Cockshut]]<ref name="Cockshut1935">{{REFjournal

* [[Masturbation]] (females) - 1918: [[Belle C. Eskridge]]<ref name="Eskridge1918"/>

* [[Masturbation]] (males) - 1845: [[Edward H. Dixon]]<ref name="Dixon">{{Dixon1845}}</ref>, 1871: [[M. J. Moses]] (for Jews)<ref name="Moses1871">{{Moses1871}}</ref>, 1888: [[John Harvey Kellogg]] (as punishment)<ref name="Kellogg1888">{{Kellogg1888}}</ref>, 1969: [[Morris Fishbein]]<ref name="Fishbein1969">{{Fishbein1969}}</ref>

* Neonatal group B streptococcal disease - 1988: [[Aaron J. Fink]]<ref name="Fink1988">{{REFjournal

  |last=Fink

  |first=Aaron J.

  |init=AJ

  |author-link=Aaron J. Fink

  |title=Is hygiene enough? Circumcision as a possible strategy to prevent group B streptococcal disease

  |journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

  |date=1988-08

  |volume=159

  |issue=2

  |pages=534-535

* Nervousness - 1969: [[Morris Fishbein]]<ref name="Fishbein1969"/>

* [[penile cancer]] - 1926: [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]]<ref name="Wolbarst1926">{{REFjournal

* [[Prostate cancer]] - 1942: [[Abraham Ravich]]<ref name="Ravich1942">{{Ravich1942}}</ref>

}}</ref>

* Sand from getting into the soldiers' [[foreskin]]s - 1991: [[Aaron J. Fink]]<ref name="Fink1991">{{REFjournal

* Sensitivity - 1935: [[R. W. Cockshut]]<ref name="Cockshut1935"/>, 1941: [[Alan F. Guttmacher]]<ref name="Guttmacher1941"/>

* Sexual immorality - 1900: [[Jonathan Hutchinson]]<ref name="Hutchinson1900"/>

* Spinal paralysis - 1870: [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]]<ref name="Sayre 1870 spinal paralysis">{{REFjournal

* Tuberculosis - 1914: [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]]<ref name="Wolbarst1914">{{REFjournal

* [[UTI]] ([[urinary tract infection]]s) - 1985: [[Thomas E. Wiswell]]<ref name="Wiswell1985">{{REFjournal

* Venereal disease - 1949: [[Eugene H. Hand]]<ref name="Hand1949"/>