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created from English page; NYT
{{NYT en}}
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' with a non-retractile [[foreskin]] in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]] frequently presents unique issues caused by the poor training and lack of knowledge of North American healthcare providers, who do not know how to insert a catheter when the boy has a normal [[intact]] [[foreskin]].<ref name="carmack2017">{{REFjournal
|last=Carmack
|first=Adrienne
|init=
|author-link=Adrienne Carmack
|last2=Milos
|first2=Marilyn F.
|init2=
|author2-link=Marilyn Fayre Milos
|etal=no
|title=Catheterization without foreskin retraction
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Can Fam Physician
|location=
|date=2017-03
|volume=63
|issue=3
|pages=218-20
|url=https://www.cfp.ca/content/63/3/218.long
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=28292801
|pubmedCID=5349724
|DOI=
|accessdate=2023-02-16
}}</ref> The foreskin is normally non-retractable in childhood.<ref name="Wright1994">{{REFjournal
|last=Wright
|init=JE
|title=Further to the "Further Fate of the Foreskin"
|journal=Med J Aust
|volume=160
|issue=
|pages=134-135
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/normal/wright2/
|quote=
|pubmedID=8295581
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|date=1994-02-07
|accessdate=2019-10-17
}}</ref> Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal
|last=Deibart
|init=GA
|title=The separation of the prepuce in the human penis
|journal=Anat Rec
|date=1933
|volume=57
|issue=
|pages=387-99
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/deibert/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090570409
|accessdate=2019-10-07
}}</ref> or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion.
These issues do not occur in other advanced nations where healthcare providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys.
Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issues with [[intact]] boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of inserting a catheter into the [[penis]] of an [[intact]] boy.<ref name="carmack2017" /> A [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349724/pdf/0630218.pdf PDF version] is available and may be printed and provided to a health care provider.
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Canada]]
* [[Development of retractable foreskin]]
* [[United States of America]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/catheters
|title=How can a catheter be safely inserted into an intact infant or child?
|last=
|first=
|init=
|publisher=Your Whole Baby
|date=2017
|accessdate=2023-02-16
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Parental information]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Canada]]
[[Category:USA]]
[[en:Catheterization of intact boys]]
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' with a non-retractile [[foreskin]] in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]] frequently presents unique issues caused by the poor training and lack of knowledge of North American healthcare providers, who do not know how to insert a catheter when the boy has a normal [[intact]] [[foreskin]].<ref name="carmack2017">{{REFjournal
|last=Carmack
|first=Adrienne
|init=
|author-link=Adrienne Carmack
|last2=Milos
|first2=Marilyn F.
|init2=
|author2-link=Marilyn Fayre Milos
|etal=no
|title=Catheterization without foreskin retraction
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Can Fam Physician
|location=
|date=2017-03
|volume=63
|issue=3
|pages=218-20
|url=https://www.cfp.ca/content/63/3/218.long
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=28292801
|pubmedCID=5349724
|DOI=
|accessdate=2023-02-16
}}</ref> The foreskin is normally non-retractable in childhood.<ref name="Wright1994">{{REFjournal
|last=Wright
|init=JE
|title=Further to the "Further Fate of the Foreskin"
|journal=Med J Aust
|volume=160
|issue=
|pages=134-135
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/normal/wright2/
|quote=
|pubmedID=8295581
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|date=1994-02-07
|accessdate=2019-10-17
}}</ref> Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal
|last=Deibart
|init=GA
|title=The separation of the prepuce in the human penis
|journal=Anat Rec
|date=1933
|volume=57
|issue=
|pages=387-99
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/deibert/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090570409
|accessdate=2019-10-07
}}</ref> or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion.
These issues do not occur in other advanced nations where healthcare providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys.
Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issues with [[intact]] boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of inserting a catheter into the [[penis]] of an [[intact]] boy.<ref name="carmack2017" /> A [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349724/pdf/0630218.pdf PDF version] is available and may be printed and provided to a health care provider.
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Canada]]
* [[Development of retractable foreskin]]
* [[United States of America]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/catheters
|title=How can a catheter be safely inserted into an intact infant or child?
|last=
|first=
|init=
|publisher=Your Whole Baby
|date=2017
|accessdate=2023-02-16
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Parental information]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Canada]]
[[Category:USA]]
[[en:Catheterization of intact boys]]