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Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „{{NYT en}} right|thumb|Pictured: Mogen Clamp right|thumb|Pictured: Barzel Tool The '''Mogen''' cla…“
{{NYT en}}
[[Image:Single_mogen.jpg|right|thumb|Pictured: Mogen Clamp]]
[[Image:Barzel_traditional.jpg|right|thumb|Pictured: Barzel Tool]]
The '''Mogen''' clamp was invented in 1954<ref name='Reynolds 1996'>{{REFweb
|quote=The Mogen clamp was invented in 1954 by Rabbi Harry Bronstein, a Brooklyn mohel.
|url=http://www.circumcisionquotes.com/rdr5.html
|title=Use of the Mogen clamp for neonatal circumcision
|last=
|first=
|publisher=
|date=
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> by a Rabbi Harry Bronstein.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011">{{REFnews
|last=Hennessy-Fiske
|first=Molly
|url=http://www.latimes.com/health/la-he-circumcision-20110926,0,4367816.story
|title=Injuries linked to circumcision clamps
|publisher=Los Angeles Times
|quote=It was invented in 1954 by Rabbi Harry Bronstein...
|date=2011-09-26
|accessdate=2011-09-25
}}</ref> It is actually one of many successors to the much older, traditional barzel device.<ref>{{REFweb
|quote=The barzel (Hebrew for iron) also known as a mogen (Hebrew for shield) is a slotted shield ...
|url=http://www.circumstitions.com/methods.html#barzel
|title=Methods of circumcision
|last=
|first=
|publisher=
|website=circumstitions.com
|date=2011-04-08
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> The Mogen clamp's name derives from the Hebrew word "magain," or shield, and it was invented in an effort to standardize [[circumcision]] equipment then in use by both doctors and mohels without medical training who perform the procedure in private homes and other locations.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> The device is designed to "shield" the glans, as the name implies, while the mohel slices off the [[foreskin]]. A user must first rip the foreskin from the glans, then pull it through the clamp and slices it off with a single motion.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Some orthodox Jews only recognize circumcisions performed with devices based on the traditional design,<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> and for this reason it is preferred by traditional [[mohel]]s.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
== Berichte über Verletzungen ==
The Mogen clamp has a critical design flaw: It does not allow doctors or mohels to see what they are cutting.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> As far back as August 2000, the [[FDA|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] issued a public health notice about the Mogen and [[Gomco]] clamps<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> after receiving approximately 20 injury reports a year since 1996,<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> including lacerations, hemorrhaging, penile amputation and urethral damage.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Instead of recalling the devices, the [[FDA]] advised users to make sure they were using the clamps according to manufacturer's specifications.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> In the 11 years following the FDA warnings, the agency had received 21 reports related to Mogen clamps, all but one of which involved injuries.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Mogen continued to publish in its instructional brochure that "no injury to the glans is possible, even after other glans amputations were reported.<ref name='Law.com 2010-07-29'>{{REFnews
|last=Hayes Tucker
|first=Katheryn
|url=http://www.law.com/jsp/article.jsp?id=1202464033969&Atlanta_Lawyer_Takes_on_Botched_Circumcision_Claims_Nationwide&slreturn=1&hbxlogin=1
|title=Atlanta Lawyer Takes on Botched Circumcision Claims Nationwide
|publisher=
|website=Law.com
|quote=She noted an instructional brochure accompanying the Mogel clamp stating that "no injury to glans is possible," even though other amputations had been reported.
|date=2010-07-29
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> Full or partial glans amputations have been reported for the Mogen clamp, even among experienced conductors of circumcision.<ref name='Journal of Perinatology April/May 2002'>{{REFjournal
|last=Taeusch
|first=H William
|first2=Alma M.
|last2=Martinez
|first3=J. Colin
|last3=Partridge
|first4=Susan
|last4=Sniderman
|first5=Jennifer
|last5=Armstrong-Wells
|first6=Elena
|last6=Fuentes-Afflick
|title=Pain During Mogen or PlastiBell Circumcision
|journal=Journal of Perinatology
|volume=22
|issue=3
|pages=214-218
|url=http://www.nature.com/jp/journal/v22/n3/full/7210653a.html
|quote=...approximately 10% of the glans of a newborn was amputated (it was reattached surgically) during a Mogen circumcision carried out by two of our most experienced physicians.
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|date=2002-04
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref><ref name="tagami2010">{{REFnews
|last=Tagami
|first=Ty
|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/atlanta-lawyer-wins-11-573890.html
|title=Atlanta lawyer wins $11 million lawsuit for family in botched circumcision
|publisher=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
|quote=In this case, a New York mohel, or Jewish ritual circumcisor, performed the operation in the baby's home...
|date=2010-07-19
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref>
== Mogen geht vom Markt ==
Mogen went out of business in July of 2010<ref name="tagami2010" /> after losing a 10.8 million dollar law suit,<ref name="tagami2010" /> after a [[mohel]]<ref name="tagami2010" /> severed the end of a baby's glans<ref name="tagami2010" /> using one of their clamps. Mogen claimed that injury was impossible with its use.<ref name="tagami2010" /><ref name='Law.com 2010-07-29'>{{REFnews
|last=Hayes Tucker
|first=Katheryn
|url=http://www.law.com/jsp/article.jsp?id=1202464033969&Atlanta_Lawyer_Takes_on_Botched_Circumcision_Claims_Nationwide&slreturn=1&hbxlogin=1
|title=Atlanta Lawyer Takes on Botched Circumcision Claims Nationwide
|publisher=
|website=Law.com
|quote=She noted an instructional brochure accompanying the Mogel clamp stating that "no injury to glans is possible," even though other amputations had been reported.
|date=2010-07-29
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> The injury behind a prior lawsuit in Fulton County Superior Court had already put Mogen on notice about the danger of the device,<ref name="tagami2010" /> and they were already in default on a $7.5-million judgment in Massachusetts.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
In a different case, at South Fulton Medical Center, another law suit was won in 2009.<ref name="tagami2010" /> In that case, a child lost a third of his glans, and the plaintifs were awarded 2.3 million dollars.<ref name="tagami2010" />
== Andere Strafverfahren im Zusammenhang mit Mogen ==
Mogen clamps were made by other manufacturers, including Miltex, which stopped distributing the devices in 1994.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Even then, Miltex's then-president Saul Kleinkramer defended the device, placing the blame on "possible mishandling" instead of the design of the device.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Despite having stopped distributing the devices in 1994, some Miltex manufactured Mogen clamps are still in use<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />, and Miltex, along with their parent company, Integra Life Sciences Holding Corp., were recently involved (July 2011) in a $4.6-million settlement.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Miltex reached a confidential settlement with a North Hollywood couple for another Mogen-related circumcision botch in 2000.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> In its response to the lawsuit, Integra maintained that the Mogen clamp was safe, carried adequate warnings and users should be held liable for any harm caused.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
== Verwendung in Afrika ==
Despite going out of business in America, and despite its notoriety for glans amputations, Mogen clamps are being used in a pilot project to have male children circumcised at birth under the pretext of [[Circumcision and HIV| HIV]] prevention.<ref name='Capital News 2010-09'>{{REFnews
|last=
|first=
|url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/Kenyanews/Infants-targeted-in-Kenya-circumcision-project-9762.html
|title=Infants targeted in Kenya circumcision project
|publisher=Capital News
|quote=He explained that the nurses will use special gadgets known as a Mogen clamp to perform the circumcision at birth.
|date=2010-09
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref>
{{REF}}
[[Kategorie:Beschneidungsprodukte]]
[[Kategorie:Von CircLeaks]]
[[Kategorie:Von IntactWiki]]
[[en:{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]
[[Image:Single_mogen.jpg|right|thumb|Pictured: Mogen Clamp]]
[[Image:Barzel_traditional.jpg|right|thumb|Pictured: Barzel Tool]]
The '''Mogen''' clamp was invented in 1954<ref name='Reynolds 1996'>{{REFweb
|quote=The Mogen clamp was invented in 1954 by Rabbi Harry Bronstein, a Brooklyn mohel.
|url=http://www.circumcisionquotes.com/rdr5.html
|title=Use of the Mogen clamp for neonatal circumcision
|last=
|first=
|publisher=
|date=
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> by a Rabbi Harry Bronstein.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011">{{REFnews
|last=Hennessy-Fiske
|first=Molly
|url=http://www.latimes.com/health/la-he-circumcision-20110926,0,4367816.story
|title=Injuries linked to circumcision clamps
|publisher=Los Angeles Times
|quote=It was invented in 1954 by Rabbi Harry Bronstein...
|date=2011-09-26
|accessdate=2011-09-25
}}</ref> It is actually one of many successors to the much older, traditional barzel device.<ref>{{REFweb
|quote=The barzel (Hebrew for iron) also known as a mogen (Hebrew for shield) is a slotted shield ...
|url=http://www.circumstitions.com/methods.html#barzel
|title=Methods of circumcision
|last=
|first=
|publisher=
|website=circumstitions.com
|date=2011-04-08
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> The Mogen clamp's name derives from the Hebrew word "magain," or shield, and it was invented in an effort to standardize [[circumcision]] equipment then in use by both doctors and mohels without medical training who perform the procedure in private homes and other locations.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> The device is designed to "shield" the glans, as the name implies, while the mohel slices off the [[foreskin]]. A user must first rip the foreskin from the glans, then pull it through the clamp and slices it off with a single motion.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Some orthodox Jews only recognize circumcisions performed with devices based on the traditional design,<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> and for this reason it is preferred by traditional [[mohel]]s.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
== Berichte über Verletzungen ==
The Mogen clamp has a critical design flaw: It does not allow doctors or mohels to see what they are cutting.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> As far back as August 2000, the [[FDA|U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] issued a public health notice about the Mogen and [[Gomco]] clamps<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> after receiving approximately 20 injury reports a year since 1996,<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> including lacerations, hemorrhaging, penile amputation and urethral damage.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Instead of recalling the devices, the [[FDA]] advised users to make sure they were using the clamps according to manufacturer's specifications.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> In the 11 years following the FDA warnings, the agency had received 21 reports related to Mogen clamps, all but one of which involved injuries.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Mogen continued to publish in its instructional brochure that "no injury to the glans is possible, even after other glans amputations were reported.<ref name='Law.com 2010-07-29'>{{REFnews
|last=Hayes Tucker
|first=Katheryn
|url=http://www.law.com/jsp/article.jsp?id=1202464033969&Atlanta_Lawyer_Takes_on_Botched_Circumcision_Claims_Nationwide&slreturn=1&hbxlogin=1
|title=Atlanta Lawyer Takes on Botched Circumcision Claims Nationwide
|publisher=
|website=Law.com
|quote=She noted an instructional brochure accompanying the Mogel clamp stating that "no injury to glans is possible," even though other amputations had been reported.
|date=2010-07-29
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> Full or partial glans amputations have been reported for the Mogen clamp, even among experienced conductors of circumcision.<ref name='Journal of Perinatology April/May 2002'>{{REFjournal
|last=Taeusch
|first=H William
|first2=Alma M.
|last2=Martinez
|first3=J. Colin
|last3=Partridge
|first4=Susan
|last4=Sniderman
|first5=Jennifer
|last5=Armstrong-Wells
|first6=Elena
|last6=Fuentes-Afflick
|title=Pain During Mogen or PlastiBell Circumcision
|journal=Journal of Perinatology
|volume=22
|issue=3
|pages=214-218
|url=http://www.nature.com/jp/journal/v22/n3/full/7210653a.html
|quote=...approximately 10% of the glans of a newborn was amputated (it was reattached surgically) during a Mogen circumcision carried out by two of our most experienced physicians.
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|date=2002-04
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref><ref name="tagami2010">{{REFnews
|last=Tagami
|first=Ty
|url=http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/atlanta-lawyer-wins-11-573890.html
|title=Atlanta lawyer wins $11 million lawsuit for family in botched circumcision
|publisher=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
|quote=In this case, a New York mohel, or Jewish ritual circumcisor, performed the operation in the baby's home...
|date=2010-07-19
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref>
== Mogen geht vom Markt ==
Mogen went out of business in July of 2010<ref name="tagami2010" /> after losing a 10.8 million dollar law suit,<ref name="tagami2010" /> after a [[mohel]]<ref name="tagami2010" /> severed the end of a baby's glans<ref name="tagami2010" /> using one of their clamps. Mogen claimed that injury was impossible with its use.<ref name="tagami2010" /><ref name='Law.com 2010-07-29'>{{REFnews
|last=Hayes Tucker
|first=Katheryn
|url=http://www.law.com/jsp/article.jsp?id=1202464033969&Atlanta_Lawyer_Takes_on_Botched_Circumcision_Claims_Nationwide&slreturn=1&hbxlogin=1
|title=Atlanta Lawyer Takes on Botched Circumcision Claims Nationwide
|publisher=
|website=Law.com
|quote=She noted an instructional brochure accompanying the Mogel clamp stating that "no injury to glans is possible," even though other amputations had been reported.
|date=2010-07-29
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref> The injury behind a prior lawsuit in Fulton County Superior Court had already put Mogen on notice about the danger of the device,<ref name="tagami2010" /> and they were already in default on a $7.5-million judgment in Massachusetts.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
In a different case, at South Fulton Medical Center, another law suit was won in 2009.<ref name="tagami2010" /> In that case, a child lost a third of his glans, and the plaintifs were awarded 2.3 million dollars.<ref name="tagami2010" />
== Andere Strafverfahren im Zusammenhang mit Mogen ==
Mogen clamps were made by other manufacturers, including Miltex, which stopped distributing the devices in 1994.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Even then, Miltex's then-president Saul Kleinkramer defended the device, placing the blame on "possible mishandling" instead of the design of the device.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Despite having stopped distributing the devices in 1994, some Miltex manufactured Mogen clamps are still in use<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />, and Miltex, along with their parent company, Integra Life Sciences Holding Corp., were recently involved (July 2011) in a $4.6-million settlement.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> Miltex reached a confidential settlement with a North Hollywood couple for another Mogen-related circumcision botch in 2000.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" /> In its response to the lawsuit, Integra maintained that the Mogen clamp was safe, carried adequate warnings and users should be held liable for any harm caused.<ref name="hennessy-fiske2011" />
== Verwendung in Afrika ==
Despite going out of business in America, and despite its notoriety for glans amputations, Mogen clamps are being used in a pilot project to have male children circumcised at birth under the pretext of [[Circumcision and HIV| HIV]] prevention.<ref name='Capital News 2010-09'>{{REFnews
|last=
|first=
|url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/news/Kenyanews/Infants-targeted-in-Kenya-circumcision-project-9762.html
|title=Infants targeted in Kenya circumcision project
|publisher=Capital News
|quote=He explained that the nurses will use special gadgets known as a Mogen clamp to perform the circumcision at birth.
|date=2010-09
|accessdate=2011-04-08
}}</ref>
{{REF}}
[[Kategorie:Beschneidungsprodukte]]
[[Kategorie:Von CircLeaks]]
[[Kategorie:Von IntactWiki]]
[[en:{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]