Hypospadie - Versionsgeschichte

WikiAdmin: translated

2022-06-02T05:42:25Z

translated

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 2. Juni 2022, 05:42 Uhr
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	~~{{NYT en}}~~
	{{WikipediaZitat		{{WikipediaZitat
	\|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias		\|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias
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	}}		}}

	'''~~Hypospadias~~''' ~~is a common variation~~ in ~~fetal development of the~~ [[~~penis~~]] ~~in which the~~ [[~~urethra~~]] ~~does not open from its usual location in the head of the penis~~. ~~It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every~~ 250 ~~males at birth~~.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook		'''Hypospadie''' ist eine häufige Variation in der fötalen Entwicklung des [[Penis]], bei der sich die [[Harnröhre]] nicht von ihrer üblichen Stelle im Kopf des [[Penis]] öffnet. Es ist die zweithäufigste Geburtsanomalie des männlichen Fortpflanzungssystems und betrifft etwa einen von 250 Männern bei der Geburt.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook
	\|last=Snodgrass		\|last=Snodgrass
	\|first=Warren		\|first=Warren
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	\|chapter=130: Hypospadias		\|chapter=130: Hypospadias
	\|isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9		\|isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9
	}}</ref> ~~Roughly~~ 90% ~~of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias~~, ~~in which the urethral opening (the~~ [[~~Urinary meatus\|meatus~~]]) ~~is on or near the head of the~~ [[Glans penis\|~~penis glans~~]]. ~~The remainder have proximal hypospadias~~, in ~~which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the penis~~, ~~near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the urethra extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans~~; ~~this tissue is called the~~ [[~~urethral plate~~]].		}}</ref> Ungefähr 90 % der Fälle sind die weniger schwerwiegenden distalen Hypospadien, bei denen sich die [[Harnröhren]]öffnung (der Harnröhrengang) auf oder in der Nähe des [[Glans penis\|Eichelkopfes]] befindet. Der Rest hat eine proximale Hypospadie, bei der der Meatus ganz hinten auf dem Schaft des Penis ist, in der Nähe oder innerhalb des Hodensacks. Glänzendes Gewebe, das die Harnröhre hätte bilden sollen, erstreckt sich vom Meatus bis zur Spitze der Eichel; dieses Gewebe wird die [[Harnröhrenplatte]] genannt.

	~~The prevalance of hypospadias is highest~~ in ~~North America and lowest~~ in ~~Asia~~.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal		Die Prävalenz der Hypospadie ist in Nordamerika am höchsten und in Asien am niedrigsten.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal
	\|last=van der Horst		\|last=van der Horst
	\|init=HJ		\|init=HJ
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	\|etal=no		\|etal=no
	\|title=Hypospadias, all there is to know		\|title=Hypospadias, all there is to know
	\|trans-title=		\|trans-title=Hypospadie, alles was man wissen muss
	\|language=		\|language=Englisch
	\|journal=Eur J Pediatr		\|journal=Eur J Pediatr
	\|location=		\|location=
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	~~The foreskin frequently does not develop normally~~. ~~The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap~~.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />		Die Vorhaut entwickelt sich häufig nicht normal. Der ventrale Teil der Vorhaut entwickelt sich möglicherweise nicht, sodass die Vorhaut die Form eines Rückenlappens annimmt.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

	==~~Surgical repair~~==		== Chirurgische Korrektur ==

	~~Each case must be evaluated to determine how best to proceed~~. ~~Mild cases may not require repair~~.<ref name="winship-rushton2017>{{REFjournal		Jeder Fall muss bewertet werden, um zu bestimmen, wie am besten vorzugehen ist. Leichte Fälle erfordern möglicherweise keine Korrektur.<ref name="winship-rushton2017>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Winship		\|last=Winship
	\|first=Brenton B.		\|first=Brenton B.
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	\|etal=yes		\|etal=yes
	\|title=In pursuit of the perfect penis: Hypospadias repair outcomes		\|title=In pursuit of the perfect penis: Hypospadias repair outcomes
	\|trans-title=		\|trans-title=Auf der Suche nach dem perfekten Penis: Korrektur-Ergebnisse bei Hypospadie
	\|language=		\|language=Englisch
	\|journal=J Pediatr Urol		\|journal=J Pediatr Urol
	\|location=		\|location=
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	~~If surgical repair is to be undertaken~~, ~~then~~ van der Horst & de Wall (2017) ~~recommend that surgical repair be carried out after four months of age and prior to eighteen months of age~~.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />		Wenn eine chirurgische Korrektur durchgeführt werden soll, empfehlen van der Horst & de Wall (2017), dass die chirurgische Korrektur nach dem vierten Lebensmonat und vor dem 18. Lebensmonat durchgeführt wird.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}
	* [[~~Hypospadias cripple surgery~~]]		* [[Hypospadie-Verkrüppelungschirurgie]]
	* [[Hypospadias ~~repair video~~]]		* [[Hypospadias-Korrektur-Video]]
	* [[Hypospadias ~~surgery~~ - Snodgrass ~~technique~~]]		* [[Hypospadias-Operation - Snodgrass-Technik]]

	{{LINKS}}		{{LINKS}}
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	\|url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/so-your-son-has-hypospadias		\|url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/so-your-son-has-hypospadias
	\|title=So Your Son has Hypospadias		\|title=So Your Son has Hypospadias
			\|trans-title=Ihr Sohn hat also Hypospadie
			\|language=Englisch
	\|last=Black		\|last=Black
	\|first=Larissa		\|first=Larissa
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	\|url=https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/hypospadias		\|url=https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/hypospadias
	\|title=What is Hypospadias		\|title=What is Hypospadias
	\|trans-title=		\|trans-title=Was ist Hypospadie
	\|language=		\|language=Englisch
	\|last=		\|last=
	\|first=		\|first=

WikiAdmin: REFjournal uses key

2021-11-27T12:00:38Z

REFjournal uses <init> key

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 27. November 2021, 12:00 Uhr
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	The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal		The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal
	\|last=van der Horst		\|last=van der Horst
	\|~~first~~=HJ		\|init=HJ
	\|author-link=		\|author-link=
	\|last2=de Wall		\|last2=de Wall
	\|~~first2~~=LL		\|init2=LL
	\|author2-link=		\|author2-link=
	\|etal=no		\|etal=no
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	Each case must be evaluated to determine how best to proceed. Mild cases may not require repair.<ref name="winship-rushton2017>{{REFjournal		Each case must be evaluated to determine how best to proceed. Mild cases may not require repair.<ref name="winship-rushton2017>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Winship		\|last=Winship
	\|first=Brenton B		\|first=Brenton B.
			\|init=BB
	\|author-link=		\|author-link=
	\|last2=Ruston		\|last2=Ruston
	\|first2=H. Gil		\|first2=H. Gil
			\|init2=HG
	\|author2-link=		\|author2-link=
	\|last3=Pohl		\|last3=Pohl
	\|first3=Hans G.		\|first3=Hans G.
			\|init3=HG
	\|author3-link=		\|author3-link=
	\|etal=yes		\|etal=yes

WikiAdmin: REFbook uses key

2021-11-27T10:16:43Z

REFbook uses <init> key

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 27. November 2021, 10:16 Uhr
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	\|last=Snodgrass		\|last=Snodgrass
	\|first=Warren		\|first=Warren
	\|~~editor~~=Allan Wein, Meredith F Campbell, Patrick C Walsh		\|init=W
			\|editors=Allan Wein, Meredith F Campbell, Patrick C Walsh
	\|edition=10		\|edition=10
	\|title=Campbell-Walsh Urology		\|title=Campbell-Walsh Urology

WikiAdmin am 11. März 2020 um 21:12 Uhr

2020-03-11T21:12:06Z

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 11. März 2020, 21:12 Uhr
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	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

	[[Kategorie:~~Genital surgery~~]]		[[Kategorie:Genitalchirurgie]]
	[[Kategorie:Penisstörungen]]		[[Kategorie:Penisstörungen]]
	[[Kategorie:Literatur]]		[[Kategorie:Literatur]]

	[[en:Hypospadias]]		[[en:Hypospadias]]

WikiAdmin am 11. März 2020 um 21:05 Uhr

2020-03-11T21:05:34Z

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 11. März 2020, 21:05 Uhr
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	[[Kategorie:Genital surgery]]		[[Kategorie:Genital surgery]]
	[[Kategorie:~~Penile disorders~~]]		[[Kategorie:Penisstörungen]]
	[[Kategorie:Literatur]]		[[Kategorie:Literatur]]

	[[en:Hypospadias]]		[[en:Hypospadias]]

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2020-03-11T20:22:38Z

Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „{{NYT en}} {{WikipediaZitat |URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias |Titel=Hypospadias }} '''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal developmen…“

Neue Seite

{{NYT en}}
{{WikipediaZitat
|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypospadias
|Titel=Hypospadias
}}

'''Hypospadias''' is a common variation in fetal development of the [[penis]] in which the [[urethra]] does not open from its usual location in the head of the penis. It is the second-most common birth abnormality of the male reproductive system, affecting about one of every 250 males at birth.<ref name="Snodgrass">{{REFbook
|last=Snodgrass
|first=Warren
|editor=Allan Wein, Meredith F Campbell, Patrick C Walsh
|edition=10
|title=Campbell-Walsh Urology
|publisher=Elsevier
|year=2012
|pages=3503–3536
|chapter=130: Hypospadias
|isbn=978-1-4160-6911-9
}}</ref> Roughly 90% of cases are the less serious distal hypospadias, in which the urethral opening (the [[Urinary meatus|meatus]]) is on or near the head of the [[Glans penis|penis glans]]. The remainder have proximal hypospadias, in which the meatus is all the way back on the shaft of the penis, near or within the [[scrotum]]. Shiny tissue that should have made the urethra extends from the meatus to the tip of the glans; this tissue is called the [[urethral plate]].

The prevalance of hypospadias is highest in North America and lowest in Asia.<ref name="vanderhorst2017>{{REFjournal
|last=van der Horst
|first=HJ
|author-link=
|last2=de Wall
|first2=LL
|author2-link=
|etal=no
|title=Hypospadias, all there is to know
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Eur J Pediatr
|location=
|date=2017-04
|volume=176
|issue=4
|pages=435-441
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5352742/
|quote=
|pubmedID=28190103
|pubmedCID=5352742
|DOI=10.1007/s00431-017-2864-5
|accessdate=2019-10-23
}}</ref>

The foreskin frequently does not develop normally. The ventral portion of the foreskin may not develop so the foreskin takes the form of a dorsal flap.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

==Surgical repair==

Each case must be evaluated to determine how best to proceed. Mild cases may not require repair.<ref name="winship-rushton2017>{{REFjournal
|last=Winship
|first=Brenton B
|author-link=
|last2=Ruston
|first2=H. Gil
|author2-link=
|last3=Pohl
|first3=Hans G.
|author3-link=
|etal=yes
|title=In pursuit of the perfect penis: Hypospadias repair outcomes
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=J Pediatr Urol
|location=
|date=2017-06
|volume=13
|issue=3
|pages=285-288
|url=https://www.jpurol.com/article/S1477-5131(17)30103-1/fulltext
|quote=
|pubmedID=28351650
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.023
|accessdate=2019-10-23
}}</ref>

If surgical repair is to be undertaken, then van der Horst & de Wall (2017) recommend that surgical repair be carried out after four months of age and prior to eighteen months of age.<ref name="vanderhorst2017 />

{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Hypospadias cripple surgery]]
* [[Hypospadias repair video]]
* [[Hypospadias surgery - Snodgrass technique]]

{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/so-your-son-has-hypospadias
|title=So Your Son has Hypospadias
|last=Black
|first=Larissa
|publisher=[[Your Whole Baby]]
|accessdate=2019-10-22
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=http://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions-and-treatments/conditions/h/hypospadias
|title=Hypospadias
|last=
|first=
|author-link=
|publisher=Boston Children's Hospital
|website=
|date=
|accessdate=2019-10-21
|format=
|quote=
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/hypospadias
|title=What is Hypospadias
|trans-title=
|language=
|last=
|first=
|author-link=
|publisher=Urology Care Foundation
|website=https://www.urologyhealth.org/
|date=
|accessdate=2019-10-23
|format=
|quote=
}}

{{REF}}

[[Kategorie:Genital surgery]]
[[Kategorie:Penile disorders]]
[[Kategorie:Literatur]]

[[en:Hypospadias]]