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	~~{{NYT en}}~~		'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' ist ein Begriff, auf den sich Eltern oft in Diskussionen über [[Beschneidung]] beziehen. Viele Eltern (insbesondere in den [[USA]]) glauben, dass ihr gesetzliches Elternrecht das Recht auf Beschneidung ihrer Jungen abdeckt.
	'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' ~~is a term often referred to by parents~~ in ~~discussions about~~ [[~~circumcision~~]]. ~~Many parents~~ (~~esp.~~ in ~~the~~ [[USA]]) ~~believe that their legal parental rights cover the right to circumcise their boys~~.

	~~Basically~~, ~~in most of the states that rely on universal~~ [[Menschenrechte]] ~~and the~~ [[UN-Kinderrechtskonvention]], ~~parents have extensive rights in the upbringing of their children~~. ~~These rights are intended to protect against harmful influences from the state~~ (~~indoctrination~~). ~~Under no circumstances should these parental rights be understood as a free ticket to deal with the children as they wish~~. ~~The well-being of the child is always in the foreground~~.		Grundsätzlich haben Eltern in den meisten Staaten, die sich auf universelle [[Menschenrechte]] und die [[UN-Kinderrechtskonvention]] stützen, weitreichende Rechte bei der Erziehung ihrer Kinder. Diese Rechte sollen vor schädlichen staatlichen Einflüssen schützen (Indoktrination). Keinesfalls darf dieses Elternrecht als Freifahrtschein verstanden werden, mit den Kindern nach Belieben umzugehen. Das Wohl des Kindes steht dabei immer im Vordergrund.

	~~Therefore it is actually more correct to speak of~~ '''~~parental duties~~''' ~~and~~ '''~~parental responsibility~~'''.		Deshalb ist es eigentlich richtiger, von '''Elternpflicht''' und '''elterlicher Verantwortung''' zu sprechen.

	~~It should therefore go without saying that there can be~~ no parental ~~right to have healthy~~, ~~intact body parts cut off from their child without medical necessity~~ and ~~urgency~~.		Es sollte daher selbstverständlich sein, dass es ohne medizinische Notwendigkeit und Dringlichkeit keinen elterlichen Anspruch darauf geben kann, gesunde, [[intakt]]e Körperteile von ihrem Kind abzutrennen. Wenn ein Kind krank ist, ist es üblich, einem Elternteil zu gestatten, eine begrenzte Ersatzerlaubnis für diagnostische Tests und eine angemessene Behandlung zu erteilen.<ref name="aap1995">{{REFjournal
			\|last=Bioethics Committee, American Academy of Pediatrics
			\|first=
			\|author-link=
			\|etal=no
			\|title=Informed consent, parental permission, and assent in pediatric practice
			\|trans-title=Einverständniserklärung, elterliche Erlaubnis und Zustimmung in der pädiatrischen Praxis
			\|language=Englisch
			\|journal=Pediatrics
			\|location=
			\|date=1995-02
			\|volume=95
			\|issue=2
			\|pages=314-7
			\|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/ethics/AAP/
			\|archived=
			\|quote=
			\|pubmedID=7838658
			\|pubmedCID=
			\|DOI=
			\|accessdate=2023-3-17
			}}</ref>

	== Europa ==		== Europa ==
	~~In the United Kingdom and the nations of the European~~ Union,<ref>{{REFweb		Im Vereinigten Königreich und den Nationen der Europäischen Union<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities/who-has-parental-responsibility		\|url=https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities/who-has-parental-responsibility
	\|title=Parental rights and responsibilities: Who has parental responsibility - GOV.UK		\|title=Parental rights and responsibilities: Who has parental responsibility - GOV.UK
			\|trans-title=Elterliche Rechte und Pflichten: Wer hat die elterliche Verantwortung - GOV.UK
			\|language=Englisch
	\|website=gov.uk		\|website=gov.uk
	\|accessdate=2021-09-14		\|accessdate=2021-09-14
	}}</ref> parental responsibility refers to the rights and privileges which underpin the relationship between the children and the children's parents and those adults who are granted parental responsibility by either signing a 'parental responsibility agreement' with the mother or getting a 'parental responsibility order' from a court. ~~The terminology for this area of law now includes matters dealt with as contact~~ (~~visitation~~ in ~~the United States~~) ~~and residence~~ (~~see Residence in English law~~) ~~in some states~~.		}}</ref> bezieht sich die elterliche Verantwortung auf die Rechte und Privilegien, die die Beziehung zwischen den Kindern und den Eltern der Kinder und den Erwachsenen untermauern, denen die elterliche Verantwortung übertragen wird, indem sie entweder eine „Elternverantwortungsvereinbarung“ mit der Mutter unterzeichnen oder eine „Elternverantwortungsverfügung“ erhalten “ von einem Gericht. Die Terminologie für dieses Rechtsgebiet umfasst nun Angelegenheiten, die in einigen Staaten als Kontakt (Besuch in den Vereinigten Staaten) und Aufenthalt (siehe Wohnsitz im englischen Recht) behandelt werden.

	=== ~~Schottland~~ ===		=== Großbritannien ===
	~~In Scots law, issues relative to parental responsibilities are dealt with under the~~ Children ~~(Scotland)~~ Act ~~1995~~,<ref>{{REFweb		Gemäß dem [[Children Act 1989]], Abschnitt 3, bedeutet elterliche Verantwortung „alle Rechte, Pflichten, Befugnisse, Verantwortlichkeiten und Befugnisse, die ein Elternteil eines Kindes in Bezug auf das Kind und sein Vermögen gesetzlich hat“.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=~~https~~://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/~~1995~~/36/~~section~~/1		\|title=Children Act 1989
	~~\|title=Children (Scotland) Act 1995~~		\|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/part/I
	\|website=legislation.gov.uk		\|website=legislation.gov.uk
	\|accessdate=2021-09-14		\|accessdate=2021-09-14
	}}</ref>		}}</ref>
	which provides for the making of 'residence' (custody), 'contact' (access), and 'specific issue' orders. These may be applied for by anyone with an interest in a child, not merely parents.[3] Under section 1 of the 1995 Act, parental responsibilities are, where practicable and in the best interests of the child, to safeguard and promote the child's health, development and welfare; provide the child with appropriate direction and guidance; maintain personal relations and direct contact with the child; act as the child's legal representative.

	=== ~~Großbritannien~~ ===		=== Schottland ===
	~~According to the [[~~Children Act ~~1989]]~~, ~~Section 3, parental responsibility means "all the rights, duties, powers, responsibilities and authority which by law a parent of a child has in relation to the child and his property."~~<ref>{{REFweb		Im schottischen Recht werden Angelegenheiten im Zusammenhang mit der elterlichen Verantwortung im Children (Scotland) Act 1995 geregelt, <ref>{{REFweb
	~~\|title=Children Act 1989~~		\|url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/36/section/1
	\|url=~~http~~://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/~~1989~~/41/~~part~~/I		\|title=Children (Scotland) Act 1995
	\|website=legislation.gov.uk		\|website=legislation.gov.uk
	\|accessdate=2021-09-14		\|accessdate=2021-09-14
	}}</ref>		}}</ref>
			der Anordnungen zum „Aufenthalt“ (Sorgerecht), „Kontakt“ (Zugang) und „bestimmte Angelegenheiten“ vorsieht. Diese können von jedem beantragt werden, der ein Interesse an einem Kind hat, nicht nur von Eltern. Gemäß Abschnitt 1 des Gesetzes von 1995 besteht die elterliche Verantwortung darin, soweit durchführbar und im besten Interesse des Kindes, die Gesundheit, Entwicklung und das Wohlergehen des Kindes zu schützen und zu fördern; dem Kind angemessene Anweisungen und Anleitung geben; persönliche Beziehungen und direkten Kontakt mit dem Kind pflegen; als gesetzlicher Vertreter des Kindes fungieren.

	== USA ==		== USA ==
	In ~~the United states~~, ~~parental rights are not mentioned~~ in ~~the United States Constitution~~. ~~There is~~ in ~~fact an amendment draft from 2008 which hasn't become valid yet~~.		In den [[USA\|Vereinigten Staaten]] werden elterliche Rechte in der Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten nicht erwähnt. Es gibt nämlich einen Änderungsentwurf aus dem Jahr 2008, der noch nicht in Kraft getreten ist.

			Die Vereinigten Staaten sind eine Bundesrepublik, in der die Regierungsverantwortung zwischen den souveränen Staaten und der Bundesregierung aufgeteilt ist. Das Familienrecht in Bezug auf elterliche Pflichten und Verantwortung ist Sache der einzelnen Staaten.

	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}
	* [[~~Arguments_pro_circumcision~~#Pseudo-~~parental_rights_arguments~~\|Pseudo-~~parental rights arguments~~]]		* [[Argumente_für_Beschneidung#Pseudo-Elternrecht-Argumente\|Pseudo-Elternrecht-Argumente]]

	{{LINKS}}		{{LINKS}}
	* {{URLwikipedia\|~~Parental_rights~~\|~~Parental rights~~\|~~2021~~-09-14}}		* {{URLwikipedia\|Erziehungsrecht\|Erziehungsrecht\|2023-03-29}}
	* {{URLwikipedia\|Parental_Rights_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\|Parental Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution\|2021-09-14}}		* {{URLwikipedia\|Parental_Rights_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\|Parental Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution\|2021-09-14\|\|en}}
			* {{REFweb
			\|url=https://www.intactamerica.org/dyk-parental-consent/
			\|title=“Do You Know?” About the Limits of Parental Consent
			\|trans-title="Wussten Sie?" Über die Grenzen der elterlichen Zustimmung
			\|language=Englisch
			\|last=
			\|first=
			\|init=
			\|publisher=Intact America
			\|date=2023-02-01
			\|accessdate=2023-03-19
			}}

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

WikiAdmin: created from English and partly translated

2022-10-30T08:02:57Z

created from English and partly translated

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{{NYT en}}
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a term often referred to by parents in discussions about [[circumcision]]. Many parents (esp. in the [[USA]]) believe that their legal parental rights cover the right to circumcise their boys.

Basically, in most of the states that rely on universal [[Menschenrechte]] and the [[UN-Kinderrechtskonvention]], parents have extensive rights in the upbringing of their children. These rights are intended to protect against harmful influences from the state (indoctrination). Under no circumstances should these parental rights be understood as a free ticket to deal with the children as they wish. The well-being of the child is always in the foreground.

Therefore it is actually more correct to speak of '''parental duties''' and '''parental responsibility'''.

It should therefore go without saying that there can be no parental right to have healthy, intact body parts cut off from their child without medical necessity and urgency.

== Europa ==
In the United Kingdom and the nations of the European Union,<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities/who-has-parental-responsibility
|title=Parental rights and responsibilities: Who has parental responsibility - GOV.UK
|website=gov.uk
|accessdate=2021-09-14
}}</ref> parental responsibility refers to the rights and privileges which underpin the relationship between the children and the children's parents and those adults who are granted parental responsibility by either signing a 'parental responsibility agreement' with the mother or getting a 'parental responsibility order' from a court. The terminology for this area of law now includes matters dealt with as contact (visitation in the United States) and residence (see Residence in English law) in some states.

=== Schottland ===
In Scots law, issues relative to parental responsibilities are dealt with under the Children (Scotland) Act 1995,<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/36/section/1
|title=Children (Scotland) Act 1995
|website=legislation.gov.uk
|accessdate=2021-09-14
}}</ref>
which provides for the making of 'residence' (custody), 'contact' (access), and 'specific issue' orders. These may be applied for by anyone with an interest in a child, not merely parents.[3] Under section 1 of the 1995 Act, parental responsibilities are, where practicable and in the best interests of the child, to safeguard and promote the child's health, development and welfare; provide the child with appropriate direction and guidance; maintain personal relations and direct contact with the child; act as the child's legal representative.

=== Großbritannien ===
According to the [[Children Act 1989]], Section 3, parental responsibility means "all the rights, duties, powers, responsibilities and authority which by law a parent of a child has in relation to the child and his property."<ref>{{REFweb
|title=Children Act 1989
|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/41/part/I
|website=legislation.gov.uk
|accessdate=2021-09-14
}}</ref>

== USA ==
In the United states, parental rights are not mentioned in the United States Constitution. There is in fact an amendment draft from 2008 which hasn't become valid yet.

{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Arguments_pro_circumcision#Pseudo-parental_rights_arguments|Pseudo-parental rights arguments]]

{{LINKS}}
* {{URLwikipedia|Parental_rights|Parental rights|2021-09-14}}
* {{URLwikipedia|Parental_Rights_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution|Parental Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution|2021-09-14}}

{{REF}}

[[Kategorie:Gesetz]]
[[Kategorie:Informationen für Eltern]]
[[Kategorie:Begriff]]

[[en:Parental rights]]

Elternrechte - Versionsgeschichte

WikiAdmin: translated

WikiAdmin: created from English and partly translated